For starters, XML stands for Extensible Markup Language and it grew organically from the need to improve the functionality of Web technologies through the use of a more flexible and adaptable means to identify information. XML is a metalanguage. That is, it is a language that describes other languages. While it may sound circular, even Webopedia defines it as such. What this really means is that XML is more of a standard and supporting structure than a standalone programming language. It is a standard you can follow to create your own language and syntax that meets the XML criteria.
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